Child abuse is not uncommon. Nobody knows the exact extent of the problem in Australia, although the numbers reported to Authorities have risen steeply over the last few years.

Children may sustain a number of emotional, psychological and developmental problems and trauma as a result of being abused or neglected. Physical abuse can result in permanent physical damage or impairment. Neglect can result in developmental delays or possible permanent physical impairment. Emotionally abused children will usually develop low self esteem and mistrust of adults. They may eventually come into conflict with the juvenile justice system or mental health system.

All child sexual assault experiences should be regarded as harmful to the child. Frequently the child is taught to believe that he or she is responsible for the assault, and usually experiences guilt, betrayal, sadness, fear and anger, In the long term, the sexually assaulted child often has emotional problems and difficulty in developing trust to form satisfactory adult relationships.

All parents experience difficulties in parenting and many experience feelings of frustration and anger towards their children. Physical and emotional abuse of children are usually cries for help, by parents or families under stress and not coping. Studies show that, contrary to popular myth, only a very small percentage of abusing parents are psychiatrically disturbed.

Some factors which may lead to physical or emotional abuse or neglect include :